Vitamin D deficiency causes growth retardation and rickets in children and will precipitate and exacerbate osteopenia, osteoporosis and increase risk of fracture in adults. This deficiency is in part due to the inadequate fortification of foods with vitamin D and the misconception that a healthy diet contains an adequate amount of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency was thought to have been conquered, but it is now recognized that more than 50% of the world’s population is at risk for vitamin D deficiency. Skin pigment, sunscreen use,aging, time of day,season and latitude dramatically affect previtamin D 3 synthesis. During exposure to sunlight, the UV B photons enter the skin and photolyze 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D 3 which in turn is isomerized by the body’s temperature to vitamin D 3 Most humans have depended on sun for their vitamin D requirement. Vitamin D is the sunshine vitamin for good reason.
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